8 Early Signs of Autism Every Parent Should Watch For

At Pine Cone Therapies, we understand how important it is for parents to keep track of their child’s developmental progress—from that very first smile to their initial steps and first words. However, sometimes a child’s growth may not match up with what’s expected, and it’s natural to wonder when a child seems different from peers or misses certain milestones. Recognizing the early signs of autism spectrum disorders is vital, as these signs can present in many different ways in a baby or toddler. Early signs can often be observed in a baby, so parents should be attentive to their baby's development and monitor their child's development closely. Early identification and support can make a positive and lasting impact on your child’s development by ensuring that any concerns about your child's development are addressed promptly.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is estimated to affect 1 in 36 children, yet many families may not receive a diagnosis until school age. In reality, early signs of autism can be recognized as young as 12 to 18 months, and autism diagnosis is often possible during toddlerhood. Early screening and monitoring of developmental milestones are recommended, as the sooner ASD is identified, the sooner your child can benefit from therapies proven to help build communication, social, and self-regulation skills during critical formative years.

Knowing what to look for helps you take meaningful action. Pine Cone Therapies has supported families at every stage of this process, delivering expert autism evaluations and compassionate care tailored to each child’s needs. Early identification and intervention can improve outcomes for many children with autism spectrum disorders. Below, we share the most common early signs of autism so you can feel confident in tracking your child’s progress and seeking help when needed.

Introduction to Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex developmental disorder that affects how children communicate, interact, and experience the world around them. As a spectrum disorder, autism presents with a wide range of symptoms and abilities, from subtle differences to more pronounced challenges. Early signs of autism spectrum disorder can appear within the first months of life, making it essential for parents to keep an eye on developmental milestones. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5-TR), autism spectrum disorder is a neurological and developmental condition that influences how individuals perceive and relate to others. The American Psychiatric Association highlights that early diagnosis and intervention are key to improving outcomes for children with autism. By understanding the early signs and seeking support when needed, parents can make a big difference in their child’s life and development.

Understanding Autism Spectrum

Understanding autism spectrum disorder is vital for parents, caregivers, and professionals supporting children’s development. Autism spectrum disorder affects each child differently, which is why it’s called a “spectrum”—no two children experience it in exactly the same way. Some children may have difficulty with social communication, such as making eye contact, using facial expressions, or sharing social smiles. Others may show repetitive behaviors or have restricted interests that set them apart from their peers. For example, a child might avoid eye contact, not respond to their name, or have limited language skills compared to other children their age. Research shows that early identification of these early warning signs can lead to more effective support and better long-term outcomes. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that parents and caregivers monitor developmental milestones closely and seek guidance if they notice differences in their child’s social communication, language skills, or behavior.

How Autism Looks in Early Childhood

Autism is characterized by two core features: challenges in social communication and the presence of restricted or repetitive behaviors. For a clinical diagnosis, a child will show signs in both areas—but those signs can appear uniquely for each individual. The behaviors listed as early signs—such as difficulties with eye contact, limited use of gestures, or repetitive movements—are important indicators that can aid in early identification and intervention.

It’s not always easy to spot early signs of autism. Sometimes behaviors are misinterpreted as shyness, independence, or simply part of the child’s personality. For example, a preference to play alone may seem normal at first. However, developmental differences in social, language, or play skills may be observed. What matters is how often these signs show up and whether they occur together or persist over time.

At Pine Cone Therapies, we stress the importance of recognizing patterns rather than focusing on one-off behaviors. Every child has their own pace, but certain repeated differences in interacting with people or surroundings often signal the need for further evaluation. Understanding these early signs within the context of child psychology is essential for accurate assessment and timely support.

Monitoring Developmental Milestones

Keeping track of your child’s developmental milestones is one of the most effective ways to spot early signs of autism spectrum disorder. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children receive regular developmental screenings at 9, 18, and 30 months of age. Parents should watch for key milestones such as waving goodbye, playing peek-a-boo, and using two-word phrases by certain ages. If your child isn’t meeting these milestones—like not waving goodbye or not responding to their name by 12 months—it may be time to talk with your child’s doctor about an evaluation for autism spectrum disorder. A systematic review of research highlights that monitoring these milestones is crucial for early detection, allowing families to access support and intervention as soon as possible. By staying informed and observant, parents can help ensure their child receives the help they need to thrive.

Comparing Development

It’s natural for parents to compare their child’s development to that of other children, especially when looking for signs of autism spectrum disorder. While every child grows at their own pace, noticing significant differences in reaching developmental milestones can be an important clue. If you observe that your child is not developing skills at the same rate as their peers, or if you have concerns about their progress, it’s important to consult your child’s doctor. Pediatricians can assess your child’s development and help determine if further evaluation is needed. Research shows the value of early detection and intervention in improving outcomes for children with autism spectrum disorder. By staying attentive to your child’s unique development and seeking guidance when needed, you can help ensure they receive the support they deserve.

8 Early Signs of Autism to Know

1. Limited Eye Contact and Social Interaction

Making eye contact is a key way children connect and learn about those around them. Kids showing early signs of autism may avoid eye contact, not look up during feedings, or seem uninterested in faces and smiles. Difficulties in social interactions and adapting to social situations can also be early indicators of autism spectrum disorders, as children may struggle with joint attention and reciprocal exchanges. You might notice they don’t follow your gaze or respond when you try to share attention. These differences are more than just personality quirks; they’re important clues best addressed early.

2. Delays in Speech and Language

Most children babble or use simple words by their first birthday and start stringing words into brief phrases by age two, reaching important language milestones. Delays in reaching these language milestones can be an early sign of autism.

Some kids repeat what they hear without using language to communicate, or rely on scripts rather than spontaneous words. Differences in spoken language, such as echolalia or unusually adult-like speech, can impact communication skills and are often seen in children on the autism spectrum.

3. Repetitive Movements and Behaviors

One of the hallmark early signs of autism is engaging in repetitive actions, such as hand flapping, rocking, or spinning. These behaviors often show up during times of excitement or stress. Your child might also fixate on routines, repeatedly line up toys, or become obsessed with watching spinning objects like wheels or fans.

4. Sensory Sensitivities

Children with autism frequently experience the world differently, with stronger or weaker responses to smells, sights, textures, or sounds. You might see your child cover their ears during loud noises, avoid certain clothing textures, or become anxious in busy, noisy settings. Others actively seek out sensations—jumping, spinning, or touching specific materials for comfort.

5. Challenges in Social Play

Early social games like pat-a-cake or peek-a-boo are important markers for typical development. Children showing early signs of autism may skip these games, prefer playing alone, or find it hard to engage with siblings and peers. Challenges in social skills are often observed in children with autism spectrum disorders, affecting their ability to interact and communicate during play. Even if connection looks different for your child, early intervention can foster growth in this area.

6. Struggles with Coping to Change

Adaptability is another area affected by autism. Children on the spectrum often need routines and can become upset with seemingly small changes in schedule, activity, or environment. For instance, taking a different route to the store or stopping a favorite activity abruptly might trigger a strong reaction that goes beyond typical resistance.

7. Unusual Play with Toys

Instead of engaging in pretend play or inventing stories with dolls or cars, children with signs of autism might focus on parts of toys (like spinning wheels), sort items by color or size obsessively, or stick to strict sequences in play. This focused play can limit opportunities for creativity and flexibility.

8. Decreased Social Smiling and Emotional Sharing

Most babies begin offering social smiles and expressive faces early on. Children with autism may smile less in response to others or have facial expressions that do not match their emotions. These signs don’t mean your child lacks feelings—simply that they may need more support to share and express them.

The Importance of Early Detection

Decades of studies stress the immense benefits of early intervention for children with autism. The first years of life are crucial for brain growth and development. Starting proven therapies sooner rather than later gives your child the best chance to build communication, social, and adaptive living skills for lifelong success. Outcomes are significantly improved for children diagnosed with autism when intervention begins early.

Early identification connects families to a range of specialized supports: applied behavior analysis (ABA), speech therapy, occupational therapy, parent training, and more. At Pine Cone Therapies, we work to provide prompt, thorough autism evaluations so your child can access effective support right away.

When to Seek a Professional Evaluation

Don’t hesitate to reach out if you notice several early signs of autism in your child, or if your instincts tell you something isn’t typical. If you are concerned about your child's development, seeking professional advice is important. There is no “too early” when it comes to getting answers, and professional evaluations only help clarify your child’s needs.

Comprehensive autism testing at Pine Cone Therapies involves detailed observation, developmental history, standardized assessments, and collaboration with your family. You can start the process by talking with your child’s pediatrician or contacting Pine Cone Therapies directly to schedule an appointment and get the insight you deserve.

How Pine Cone Therapies Can Support Your Family

Whether you’re seeking a diagnosis, exploring therapies, or simply looking for reassurance, Pine Cone Therapies is here to guide your family every step of the way. Our expert team is dedicated to helping every child unlock their full potential at home, school, and in the community.

Take action now—reach out to Pine Cone Therapies to schedule a comprehensive autism evaluation. For families with children ages 4 and under, including toddlers, we offer convenient virtual autism testing appointments, typically scheduled within weeks. Early autism screening for toddlers is crucial for identifying developmental signs and ensuring timely support. We’re here to partner with you on your journey toward clarity, confidence, and hope.